What is the role of anticoagulants in the management of pulmonary embolism?

Anticoagulants play a crucial role in the management of pulmonary embolism primarily by preventing further clot formation. When a pulmonary embolism occurs, it signifies that a clot from another area of the body has traveled to the lungs, obstructing blood flow. The use of anticoagulants helps to inhibit the coagulation cascade, which is responsible for the formation of new blood clots. By preventing the addition of new clots, these medications aim to stabilize the condition and reduce the risk of further embolic events.

While some treatments might aim to actually dissolve existing clots, such as thrombolytics, that is not the primary function of anticoagulants. They do not typically contribute to decreasing blood pressure or strengthening blood vessels either; rather, their main purpose focuses on halting the progression of coagulation, thereby managing the risks associated with pulmonary embolism. This approach is essential in the overall treatment strategy, as it helps to minimize complications while allowing the body to gradually break down the existing clot through its own natural processes.